Reference

Peptide Research Glossary

A plain-English guide to the words you will see on peptide supplier sites, product pages and lab reports, so you know exactly what to look for and what to watch out for when comparing suppliers. Every Pillar Research product is independently tested, and each compound below links to its own product page.

A

ARTG (Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods): The official list of approved medicines in Australia.; The ARTG is the official register of products approved as therapeutic goods in Australia. Research peptides are not on this register because they are research materials, not medicines. Any supplier implying their research peptides are "approved" should be treated with caution. Pillar Research never makes that claim.; See also: How research peptides are regulated
AOD-9604: A research peptide derived from growth hormone.; AOD-9604 is a research peptide derived from a fragment of human growth hormone, studied in laboratory research. Pillar Research supplies AOD-9604 with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: AOD-9604 product page

B

Batch number / batch-specific: A code that links your vial to a specific, tested batch.; A batch number is a unique code printed on each batch of peptides. When a supplier tests "batch-specific", it means the COA belongs to the exact batch you receive, not a generic certificate reused for everything. This is a key sign of a careful supplier. Every Pillar Research order is tied to its own batch record.; See also: Verify a dispatch batch
Bacteriostatic water (BAC water): The sterile liquid used to mix peptides.; Bacteriostatic water is sterile water with a small amount of preservative, used to dissolve freeze-dried peptides. It is sold as a research solvent. Pillar Research stocks BAC water in its catalogue so you can get everything in one order.; See also: BAC water product
BPC-157: A widely researched 15-amino-acid peptide.; BPC-157 is one of the most commonly researched peptides in the space, studied in laboratory settings for tissue and recovery-related research. It is supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) research material. At Pillar Research, BPC-157 is independently tested with its own batch-specific COA.; See also: BPC-157 10mg product page, BPC-157 evidence review
Bac water (BAC): Sterile water for mixing peptides.; Bacteriostatic water (BAC water) is sterile water with a preservative, used to mix freeze-dried peptides before use. It is supplied as a research solvent. Pillar Research carries BAC water in its catalogue.; See also: BAC water product
Buy peptides in Australia: What you need to know before ordering.; Buying research peptides in Australia means choosing a supplier who tests each batch, publishes a batch-specific COA, labels everything Research Use Only, and dispatches from within Australia. Pillar Research meets every one of those standards, with same-business-day dispatch from Australian stock and every order backed by its own batch record.; See also: Browse our full catalogue

C

Certificate of Analysis (COA): The lab report that proves what is actually in your vial.; A Certificate of Analysis is the lab report that comes with a batch of peptides. It shows the batch number, the measured purity, the identity check, and the endotoxin level, plus the testing date and laboratory. This is the single most important document to look for when comparing suppliers. At Pillar Research every order is linked to its own batch-specific COA, and you can review it before you buy.; See also: Browse our COA library, How to read a COA
CAS number: A unique ID number for each chemical compound.; A CAS number is a unique identification number given to every chemical. It lets you confirm that the compound you are looking at is the one you want, regardless of the marketing name used. Pillar Research lists the CAS number on every product page and every batch COA.
CJC-1295: A research peptide in the growth-hormone-releasing family.; CJC-1295 is a research peptide related to growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). It comes in two versions: with DAC (which extends its presence) and without DAC. Pillar Research supplies both, each with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: CJC-1295 with DAC product page, DAC vs no-DAC compared
Cagrilintide: A research peptide related to the amylin family.; Cagrilintide is a research peptide related to amylin, studied in laboratory research. Pillar Research supplies Cagrilintide with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: Cagrilintide 10mg product page

D

DSIP (Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide): A research peptide named after its original sleep association.; DSIP is a research peptide historically associated with sleep research. Pillar Research supplies DSIP with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: DSIP product page

E

Endotoxin level: A measure of contamination, reported in EU/mg.; Endotoxin is a type of contamination that can be present in lab materials. It is measured in endotoxin units per milligram (EU/mg), and lower is better. A well-tested product for cell-culture or in-vivo work reports a low endotoxin result. Note: Pillar Research does not currently run endotoxin testing on its batches; if endotoxin data matters for your work, ask the supplier directly before ordering.
Epitalon: A short research peptide.; Epitalon is a short research peptide studied in laboratory research. Pillar Research supplies Epitalon with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: Epitalon product page

G

GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide): A natural copper-peptide complex.; GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring combination of three amino acids and copper, widely researched in skin and tissue research. It is a copper tripeptide complex. Pillar Research supplies GHK-Cu with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: GHK-Cu product page, GHK-Cu research overview
Glutathione: A naturally occurring antioxidant research peptide.; Glutathione is a naturally occurring tripeptide antioxidant found in the body, studied in laboratory research. Pillar Research supplies Glutathione with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: Glutathione product page

H

HPLC purity: A lab measurement of how clean the peptide is.; HPLC is the standard lab method used to measure how pure a peptide is. Suppliers report this as a percentage such as 98% or 99%. Higher is better. At Pillar Research we publish the reported HPLC purity for every batch and back it with a batch-specific COA, so you are not taking a supplier at their word.; See also: Purity explained in plain English

I

Ipamorelin: A selective growth-hormone-related research peptide.; Ipamorelin is a small research peptide studied for its selective profile among growth-hormone-related peptides. It is supplied as a lyophilised research material. Pillar Research supplies Ipamorelin with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: Ipamorelin 10mg product page

K

KPV: A short research peptide.; KPV is a short peptide (three amino acids) studied in laboratory research. Pillar Research supplies KPV with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: KPV product page
KLOW (peptide blend): A pre-mixed blend of four research peptides.; KLOW is a single vial that combines four individually tested research peptides (GHK-Cu, BPC-157, TB-500 and KPV). It is supplied as a research material by Pillar Research with each component independently characterised.; See also: KLOW product page, KLOW research identity explained

L

Lyophilised: Freeze-dried powder that you mix yourself.; Lyophilised simply means freeze-dried. Peptides arrive as a dry powder cake in a vial and are mixed with liquid just before use. This keeps them stable for a long time when stored correctly. Pillar Research ships lyophilised vials with clear storage and reconstitution guidance.; See also: Reconstitution and storage guide
Lyophilised powder vs liquid: The two ways peptides are supplied.; Peptides are usually supplied either as freeze-dried powder (lyophilised) or as a ready-to-mix solution. Powder is generally more stable for longer and is the most common form for research products. Pillar Research clearly states the form of every product on its page.

M

Mass spectrometry (MS) identity: Confirms the peptide is actually the peptide it claims to be.; Mass spectrometry weighs the peptide molecule to confirm it matches the expected structure. Purity tells you how clean it is; identity tells you it is the right compound. A trustworthy supplier runs both. Every Pillar Research batch is independently tested for purity and identity, and the results are published on the COA.
Melanotan II: A research peptide related to the melanocortin system.; Melanotan II is a synthetic research peptide that acts on melanocortin receptors. It is widely discussed in media and research communities. Pillar Research supplies it as a research material with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: Melanotan II 10mg product page
MOTS-c: A mitochondrial-derived research peptide.; MOTS-c is a research peptide derived from mitochondrial DNA, studied in laboratory research around cellular energy pathways. Pillar Research supplies MOTS-c with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: MOTS-c product page

N

NAD+: A coenzyme studied in cellular energy research.; NAD+ is a coenzyme found in every living cell, widely studied in research around cellular energy and metabolism. Pillar Research supplies NAD+ as a research material with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: NAD+ product page

P

Purity percentage (98%, 99%): How the supplier grades the cleanliness of the product.; When a supplier lists a purity like 98% or 99%, it refers to the lab-measured chromatographic purity of that batch. It is a useful number, but only meaningful when it comes with a real, batch-specific COA. Pillar Research publishes the reported purity for every batch alongside the COA that backs it up.; See also: What purity actually means
PT-141: A research peptide related to melanocortin receptors.; PT-141 is a research peptide that acts on melanocortin receptors and is studied in laboratory research. Pillar Research supplies PT-141 with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: PT-141 product page

R

RUO (Research Use Only): The legal category these products are sold under.; Research Use Only means a product is supplied for laboratory research, not for human or animal use. It is the standard legal category for research peptides in Australia. Pillar Research supplies every product under the Research Use Only framework, clearly labelled and confirmed at checkout.; See also: Are research peptides legal in Australia?
Reconstitution: Mixing the powder with liquid to use it.; Reconstitution is the process of adding liquid (usually bacteriostatic water) to a freeze-dried peptide so it becomes a solution. It is a simple process but worth doing carefully: aim the liquid down the side of the vial and swirl gently rather than shaking. Our reconstitution guide walks you through it step by step.; See also: Step-by-step reconstitution guide
Retatrutide: A triple-receptor research peptide.; Retatrutide is a research peptide that activates three related receptors at once (GLP-1, GIP and glucagon). It is studied in laboratory research and is supplied as a freeze-dried research material. Pillar Research lists it with its CAS number, purity and a batch-specific COA.; See also: Retatrutide 10mg product page, Retatrutide mechanism explained

S

Storage: How to keep peptides stable before and after mixing.; Lyophilised (freeze-dried) peptides are best kept in the fridge, away from light and moisture. Once mixed, they should stay refrigerated and be used within the window in the accompanying documentation. Following storage guidance protects the material you have paid for.; See also: Storage guidance
Schedule 4: The Australian legal classification for most research peptides.; Schedule 4 is the Australian classification for prescription-only substances under the Poisons Standard. Most research peptides fall into this category. They can be lawfully supplied for research purposes under the Research Use Only framework. Pillar Research only supplies under that lawful framework.; See also: The legal landscape explained
Semax: A research peptide derived from a naturally occurring hormone fragment.; Semax is a research peptide based on a fragment of a naturally occurring hormone (ACTH). It is studied in laboratory research. Pillar Research supplies Semax with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: Semax 10mg product page
Selank: A research peptide.; Selank is a research peptide supplied as a lyophilised research material. Pillar Research supplies Selank with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: Selank product page
SS-31: A mitochondrial-targeted research peptide.; SS-31 is a research peptide that targets mitochondria, studied in laboratory research around cellular energy. Pillar Research supplies SS-31 with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: SS-31 product page
Ships from Australia: Local dispatch, no international shipping uncertainty.; When a supplier ships from within Australia, orders arrive faster and avoid customs and international freight uncertainty. Pillar Research dispatches every order the same business day from Australian stock, with tracking.; See also: Shipping details
Same-day dispatch: Orders leave the same business day.; Same-day dispatch means orders placed before the cut-off leave our Australian facility the same business day. It is one of the service standards that makes buying from Pillar Research straightforward.; See also: Shipping details

T

Third-party testing: Testing done by an independent lab, not the seller itself.; Third-party testing means the product is checked by an independent laboratory rather than only by the company selling it. It is a stronger sign of quality because the lab has no reason to inflate results. Pillar Research products are independently tested by Janoshik Analytical, with each report carrying a unique task number.
TGA (Therapeutic Goods Administration): Australia’s medicines regulator.; The TGA is the Australian Government agency that regulates medicines and therapeutic goods. Research peptides are not approved therapeutic goods and are not listed on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG). They are research materials supplied under the Research Use Only framework. Pillar Research is transparent about this on every product page.
Trusted supplier: What to look for before you buy.; A trusted supplier publishes a batch-specific COA, uses independent third-party testing, clearly labels everything Research Use Only, has transparent pricing and dispatch, and answers questions honestly. These are the standards Pillar Research holds itself to, and the things we recommend checking with any supplier.
TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4): A peptide derived from a protein found in the body.; TB-500 is a synthetic research peptide based on Thymosin Beta-4, a protein found in nearly all human cells. It is studied in laboratory research for its actin-binding properties. Pillar Research supplies TB-500 with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: TB-500 10mg product page, TB-500 and BPC-157 compared
Tesamorelin: A growth-hormone-releasing research peptide.; Tesamorelin is a research peptide that stimulates growth hormone release and is supplied as a lyophilised research material. Pillar Research supplies Tesamorelin with independent testing and a batch-specific COA.; See also: Tesamorelin product page
Tirzepatide: A dual-receptor research peptide studied in metabolic research.; Tirzepatide is a research peptide that activates two related receptors at once (GLP-1 and GIP). It is studied in laboratory research and is supplied as a freeze-dried research material. Pillar Research lists it with its CAS number, purity and a batch-specific COA.; See also: Tirzepatide 10mg product page, Retatrutide vs Tirzepatide comparison